Three.js 切换ShaderToy教程

切换ShaderToy ·shaderToy· ▶ 在线运行案例

• 案例合集：三维可视化功能案例（threehub.cn）
• 开源仓库github地址：https://github.com/z2586300277/three-cesium-examples
• 400个案例代码:网盘链接

你将学到什么

• ShaderMaterial 自定义着色器实现核心视觉效果
• OrbitControls 相机轨道交互
• requestAnimationFrame渲染循环与resize自适应

效果说明

本案例演示切换ShaderToy效果：基于 WebGL 实现「切换ShaderToy」可视化效果，附完整可运行源码；核心用到 ShaderMaterial、OrbitControls。建议先打开文首在线案例查看动态画面，再对照下方源码逐步理解。

核心概念

• Scene / Camera / WebGLRenderer构成最小渲染闭环；大场景可开logarithmicDepthBuffer缓解 Z-fighting。
• ShaderMaterial通过uniforms+ 自定义 GLSL 控制逐像素/逐点效果；透明粒子常配合depthTest: false。
• OrbitControls提供轨道旋转/缩放；开启enableDamping后需在 animate 中controls.update()。

实现步骤

• 搭建 Scene、PerspectiveCamera、WebGLRenderer，挂载 canvas 并处理resize
• 定义 uniforms / onBeforeCompile 或 ShaderMaterial，编写 GLSL 与材质参数
• 创建 OrbitControls（及 Raycaster 等交互控件，若源码包含）
• 在requestAnimationFrame循环中更新状态并 render（Cesium 为viewer.render或自动渲染）

• 代码要点

  import * as THREE from 'three'
  import { OrbitControls } from 'three/examples/jsm/controls/OrbitControls.js' import * as dat from 'dat.gui'
  const DOM = document.getElementById('box')
  const scene = new THREE.Scene()
  const camera = new THREE.PerspectiveCamera(75, DOM.clientWidth / DOM.clientHeight, 0.1, 1000)
  camera.position.set(0, 10, 10)
  const renderer = new THREE.WebGLRenderer({ antialias: true, alpha: true, logarithmicDepthBuffer: true })
  renderer.setSize(DOM.clientWidth, DOM.clientHeight)
  DOM.appendChild(renderer.domElement)
  new OrbitControls(camera, renderer.domElement)
  window.onresize = () => {
  renderer.setSize(DOM.clientWidth, DOM.clientHeight)
  camera.aspect = DOM.clientWidth / DOM.clientHeight
  camera.updateProjectionMatrix()
  }
  scene.add(new THREE.AmbientLight(0xffffff, 8))
  const mesh = new THREE.Mesh(new THREE.BoxGeometry(4, 4, 4), new THREE.MeshBasicMaterial({ color: 0xffffff }));
  scene.add(mesh);
  // GUI 对象 const GUI = new dat.GUI()
  const fileList = new Array(6).fill().map((_, i) => FILE_HOST +files/glsl/${i}.frag)
  GUI.add({ url: fileList[0] }, 'url', fileList).onChange((url) => changeShader(url))
  changeShader(fileList[5])
  let shader = null
  animate()
  // 渲染 function animate() {
  shader && (shader.uniforms.u_time.value += 0.02)
  renderer.render(scene, camera)
  requestAnimationFrame(animate)
  }
  async function changeShader(url) {
  const str = await fetch(url).then(res => res.text())
  shader = {
  uniforms: THREE.UniformsUtils.merge([
  THREE.ShaderLib['phong'].uniforms,
  { u_resolution: { type: 'v2', value: new THREE.Vector2(DOM.clientWidth, DOM.clientHeight) },
  u_time: { type: 'f', value: 0.0 },
  u_mouse: { type: 'v2', value: new THREE.Vector2(0, 0) }
  }
  ]),
  side: THREE.DoubleSide,
  vertexShader:varying vec2 vUv; void main() { vUv = uv; vec4 mvPosition = modelViewMatrix * vec4( position, 1.0 ); gl_Position = projectionMatrix * mvPosition; },
  fragmentShader: str,
  }
  shader.fragmentShader = shader.fragmentShader.replace(/gl_FragCoord/, 'vUv * u_resolution.xy')
  shader.fragmentShader = shader.fragmentShader.replace(/uniform float u_time;/,uniform float u_time; varying vec2 vUv;)
  const material = new THREE.ShaderMaterial(shader);
  mesh.material.dispose()
  mesh.material = material
  }

  完整源码：GitHub

  小结

  • 本文提供切换ShaderToy完整 Three.js 源码与在线 Demo，建议先运行案例再改 uniform/参数做二次实验
  • 更多 Three.js 实战案例见 three-cesium-examples 合集 与 GitHub 开源仓库