综合能力实训 — 第三天笔记
下午：学生管理系统（需求、分析、设计、测试）
Student类
/*** 学生类 - 包含学号、姓名、年龄、成绩四个属性*/
public class Student {// 属性private String id; // 学号private String name; // 姓名private int age; // 年龄private double score; // 成绩// 无参构造器public Student() {}// 有参构造器public Student(String id, String name, int age, double score) {this.id = id;this.name = name;this.age = age;this.score = score;}// Getter和Setter方法public String getId() {return id;}public void setId(String id) {this.id = id;}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}public int getAge() {return age;}public void setAge(int age) {this.age = age;}public double getScore() {return score;}public void setScore(double score) {this.score = score;}// 重写toString方法，方便打印学生信息@Overridepublic String toString() {return "学号: " + id + ", 姓名: " + name + ", 年龄: " + age + ", 成绩: " + score;}
}
StudentManager类
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Scanner;/*** 学生管理系统 - 实现增删改查功能*/
public class StudentManager {// 使用ArrayList存储学生信息private ArrayList<Student> students = new ArrayList<>();private Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);/*** 1. 添加学生*/public void addStudent() {System.out.println("\n===== 添加学生 =====");System.out.print("请输入学号: ");String id = scanner.next();// 检查学号是否已存在if (findStudentById(id) != null) {System.out.println("❌ 该学号已存在，添加失败！");return;}System.out.print("请输入姓名: ");String name = scanner.next();System.out.print("请输入年龄: ");int age = scanner.nextInt();System.out.print("请输入成绩: ");double score = scanner.nextDouble();// 创建学生对象并添加到集合Student student = new Student(id, name, age, score);students.add(student);System.out.println("✅ 学生添加成功！");}/*** 2. 根据学号删除学生*/public void deleteStudent() {System.out.println("\n===== 删除学生 =====");System.out.print("请输入要删除的学号: ");String id = scanner.next();Student student = findStudentById(id);if (student == null) {System.out.println("❌ 未找到该学号的学生！");return;}students.remove(student);System.out.println("✅ 学生删除成功！");}/*** 3. 根据学号修改学生信息*/public void updateStudent() {System.out.println("\n===== 修改学生信息 =====");System.out.print("请输入要修改的学号: ");String id = scanner.next();Student student = findStudentById(id);if (student == null) {System.out.println("❌ 未找到该学号的学生！");return;}System.out.println("当前信息: " + student);System.out.println("请选择要修改的项：");System.out.println("1. 姓名");System.out.println("2. 年龄");System.out.println("3. 成绩");System.out.println("4. 修改全部");System.out.print("请选择(1-4): ");int choice = scanner.nextInt();switch (choice) {case 1:System.out.print("请输入新姓名: ");student.setName(scanner.next());break;case 2:System.out.print("请输入新年龄: ");student.setAge(scanner.nextInt());break;case 3:System.out.print("请输入新成绩: ");student.setScore(scanner.nextDouble());break;case 4:System.out.print("请输入新姓名: ");student.setName(scanner.next());System.out.print("请输入新年龄: ");student.setAge(scanner.nextInt());System.out.print("请输入新成绩: ");student.setScore(scanner.nextDouble());break;default:System.out.println("❌ 选择无效！");return;}System.out.println("✅ 学生信息修改成功！");}/*** 4. 查询并打印所有学生*/public void queryAllStudents() {System.out.println("\n===== 所有学生信息 =====");if (students.isEmpty()) {System.out.println("暂无学生信息！");return;}System.out.println("----------------------------------------");for (Student student : students) {System.out.println(student);}System.out.println("----------------------------------------");System.out.println("共 " + students.size() + " 名学生");}/*** 辅助方法：根据学号查找学生*/private Student findStudentById(String id) {for (Student student : students) {if (student.getId().equals(id)) {return student;}}return null;}/*** 显示主菜单*/public void showMenu() {System.out.println("\n╔══════════════════════════════════════╗");System.out.println("║ 学生管理系统 v1.0 ║");System.out.println("╠══════════════════════════════════════╣");System.out.println("║ 1. 添加学生 ║");System.out.println("║ 2. 删除学生 ║");System.out.println("║ 3. 修改学生信息 ║");System.out.println("║ 4. 查询所有学生 ║");System.out.println("║ 5. 退出系统 ║");System.out.println("╚══════════════════════════════════════╝");System.out.print("请选择操作(1-5): ");}/*** 运行系统*/public void run() {while (true) {showMenu();int choice = scanner.nextInt();switch (choice) {case 1:addStudent();break;case 2:deleteStudent();break;case 3:updateStudent();break;case 4:queryAllStudents();break;case 5:System.out.println("\n感谢使用，再见！");return; // 退出循环default:System.out.println("\n❌ 无效选择，请重新输入！");}}}
}
StudentSystem类
public class StudentSystem {public static void main(String[] args) {// 创建管理器并运行StudentManager manager = new StudentManager();manager.run();}
}
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