前言
本文介绍如何在 VS Code 中集成自行开发的 MCP (Model Context Protocol) Server。通过配置 .vscode/mcp.json 文件，可以将自定义的 MCP Server 注册到 VS Code 的 GitHub Copilot 中，从而让 AI 助手能够调用用户开发的工具函数。整个过程包括：编写 MCP Server 代码、配置服务器启动参数、启动服务并测试调用。
注意，Copilot不是必须的，只是vscode 官方对copilot集成更好，其它第三方的模型也能使用MCP Server。
使用Copilot
- 编写数学工具的mcp server.
math.py
from fastmcp import FastMCP
from typing import TypeAlias, Union
from datetime import datetimemcp = FastMCP("math")Number: TypeAlias = Union[int, float]@mcp.tool()
def add(a: Number, b: Number) -> Number:"""Add two numbersArgs:a (Number): The first numberb (Number): The second numberReturns:Number: The sum of a and b"""return a + b@mcp.tool()
def subtract(a: Number, b: Number) -> Number:"""Subtract two numbersArgs:a (Number): The first numberb (Number): The second numberReturns:Number: The difference of a and b"""return a - b@mcp.tool()
def multiply(a: Number, b: Number) -> Number:"""Multiply two numbersArgs:a (Number): The first numberb (Number): The second numberReturns:Number: The product of a and b"""return a * b@mcp.tool()
def divide(a: Number, b: Number) -> Number:"""Divide two numbersArgs:a (Number): The numeratorb (Number): The denominatorReturns:Number: The quotient of a and bRaises:ValueError: If b is zero"""if b == 0:raise ValueError("Cannot divide by zero")return a / b@mcp.tool()
def is_greater_than(a: Number, b: Number) -> bool:"""Check if a is greater than bArgs:a (Number): The first numberb (Number): The second numberReturns:bool: True if a is greater than b, False otherwise"""return a > b@mcp.tool()
async def get_weather(city: str) -> str: """Get weather for a given city.Args:city (str): The city nameReturns:str: A string describing the weather in the given city"""return f"It's always sunny in {city}!"@mcp.tool()
async def get_current_datetime() -> str:"""Get current date and time.Returns:str: The current date and time in YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS %z format"""return datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %z")if __name__ == "__main__":# mcp.run(transport="http", host="localhost", port=8001, show_banner=False)mcp.run(transport="stdio", show_banner=False)- 创建
.vscode/mcp.json
{"servers": {"math": {"command": "uv","args": ["--directory","/home/rainux/Documents/workspace/py-dev/mcp-local","run","math.py"]}}
}
- 在
mcp.json文件中会显示一个启动的图标，点击启动。 - 在copilot 聊天窗口中，右下角有一个"配置工具"的图标，点击后在弹出的菜单中可以看到一个
mathserver. - 提问测试。如果没调用到mcp tool，可以尝试按
Ctrl + Shift + P，输入Reload Window来重新加载窗口，或者在mcp.json文件中重启mcp server，或者重启vscode.
非Copilot, 以通义灵码为例
在通义灵码的聊天窗口中按提示添加MCP Server 的配置，在手动添加的配置文件中填写如下内容。保存后通义灵码会自动启动MCP Server，然后测试能否调用MCP Tool即可。
{"mcpServers": {"math": {"type": "stdio","command": "uv","args": ["--directory","/home/rainux/Documents/workspace/py-dev/mcp-local","run","math.py"],"env": {"ROOT_DIR": "/home/rainux/Documents/workspace/py-dev/mcp-local"}}}
}
参考
- VS Code 官方文档 - Use MCP servers in VS Code